Monday, August 31, 2009
Sunday, August 23, 2009
Revision Chemistry MC Answer 2
The correct formulae for nitric acid is
Nitric implies the a Nitrogen atom involved.
Acid are ionic compounds, where H+ is acting as a metal. The proton gets detached and floats around in solution. Acids are identified if they begin with a H. (exception is Water H20 and Peroxide H202 which arent acids)
a) NH3
This is the formula for ammonia gas, when it dissolves in your nasal mucus it is a strong irritant.
b) H2CO3
This is the formula for Carbolic Acid, it is basically made when CO2 dissolves in water H2O by sticking to water. It is commonly found in coke. It is an acid and the H+ and CO3-- ions separate when put in water , just like a salt, only we call H+ an acid.The H in the front as tells you it is an acid.
c) N2
THis is formula for Nitrogen gas, and makes up 80% of the air we breath.
d) HNO3
This is the formula for nitric acid. The H in the front as tells you it is an acid.
Nitric implies the a Nitrogen atom involved.
Acid are ionic compounds, where H+ is acting as a metal. The proton gets detached and floats around in solution. Acids are identified if they begin with a H. (exception is Water H20 and Peroxide H202 which arent acids)
a) NH3
This is the formula for ammonia gas, when it dissolves in your nasal mucus it is a strong irritant.
b) H2CO3
This is the formula for Carbolic Acid, it is basically made when CO2 dissolves in water H2O by sticking to water. It is commonly found in coke. It is an acid and the H+ and CO3-- ions separate when put in water , just like a salt, only we call H+ an acid.The H in the front as tells you it is an acid.
c) N2
THis is formula for Nitrogen gas, and makes up 80% of the air we breath.
d) HNO3
This is the formula for nitric acid. The H in the front as tells you it is an acid.
Revision Chemistry MC Answer 1
Exothermic, like extrovert, means gives out heat (Thermic). Endothermic means taking in or absorbin heat
An exothermic reaction (can):
a) Releases heat
Heat is the total vibration energy of all the particles in a solid. In general this is true, however you can get a reaction that liberates pure light and no heat.
b) Liberates Energy
This means that chemical potential energy stored through the arrangement of atoms is reduced and converted to other forms of energy.
c) Produces and increase in temperature of the surroundings
In general this is true you can measure an exothermic reaction produces a rise in temperature. The exception would be say the generation of steam from liquid water, here the temperature of stays the same.
d) all of the above
In general all of the above answers are correct.
An exothermic reaction (can):
a) Releases heat
Heat is the total vibration energy of all the particles in a solid. In general this is true, however you can get a reaction that liberates pure light and no heat.
b) Liberates Energy
This means that chemical potential energy stored through the arrangement of atoms is reduced and converted to other forms of energy.
c) Produces and increase in temperature of the surroundings
In general this is true you can measure an exothermic reaction produces a rise in temperature. The exception would be say the generation of steam from liquid water, here the temperature of stays the same.
d) all of the above
In general all of the above answers are correct.
Revision Chemistry MC Question 1
This is from the 2007 midyear
An exothermic reaction:
a) Releases heat
b) Liberates Energy
c) produces and increase in temperature of the surroundings
d) all of the above
An exothermic reaction:
a) Releases heat
b) Liberates Energy
c) produces and increase in temperature of the surroundings
d) all of the above
Saturday, August 22, 2009
Evolution Revision
Questions
Revision Evolution MC Question 1
Revision Evolution MC Question 2
Revision Evolution MC Question 3/4
Revision Evolution MC Question 5
Revision Evolution MC Question 6
Evolution Revision MC Question 7
Revision Evolution MC Question 8
Answers
Revision Evolution MC Answer 1
Revision Evolution MC Answer 2
Revision Evolution MC Answer 3/4
Revision Evolution MC Answer 5
Revision Evolution MC Answer 6
Revision Evolution MC Answer 8
Revision Evolution MC Question 9
Revision Evolution MC Question 1
Revision Evolution MC Question 2
Revision Evolution MC Question 3/4
Revision Evolution MC Question 5
Revision Evolution MC Question 6
Evolution Revision MC Question 7
Revision Evolution MC Question 8
Answers
Revision Evolution MC Answer 1
Revision Evolution MC Answer 2
Revision Evolution MC Answer 3/4
Revision Evolution MC Answer 5
Revision Evolution MC Answer 6
Revision Evolution MC Answer 8
Revision Evolution MC Question 9
Revision Evolution MC Question 9
Revision Evolution MC Question 9
The theory of Evolution States that all living things developed form simpler organisms.
Why is Evolution called a Theory
a) there is no evidence for the idea
b) Scientist can not agree about the idea
c) the idea is not open to doubt of arguemnet
d) sceientis may modify hte idea as they gather more evidence
The theory of Evolution States that all living things developed form simpler organisms.
Why is Evolution called a Theory
a) there is no evidence for the idea
b) Scientist can not agree about the idea
c) the idea is not open to doubt of arguemnet
d) sceientis may modify hte idea as they gather more evidence
Revision Evolution MC Answer 8
Revision Evolution MC Answer 8
Stramatolites, and acinent cyanobacteria that have surivited inte Shark Bay in Western Australia, are very similar to those found as fossil remains dateing back millions of years. Why have thes ancient forms remained unchanged for so long?
a)The stromatolites are able to adapt to any environment
This untrue as any environment would mean air and land, also to survive they have to outcompete other organisms that have access to the same resources.
b)The environment has not changed significantly over time.
This is the best answer, it means that if the enviroment has not changed, the organism has not had to change
c) the stromatolites have not been able to undergo mutations
Mutations and sex drives variation. This organism may have created many new species, just the one most similar to the ancient one is living in the similar organism
d) the stramatolites are not able to adapt to a changing environment
This is would explain why they are not wide spread, but it does not explain why they have survived for millions (billions of years)
This video suggests that they are in all environments as something else, and when the enviroment is right they get going.
Stramatolites, and acinent cyanobacteria that have surivited inte Shark Bay in Western Australia, are very similar to those found as fossil remains dateing back millions of years. Why have thes ancient forms remained unchanged for so long?
a)The stromatolites are able to adapt to any environment
This untrue as any environment would mean air and land, also to survive they have to outcompete other organisms that have access to the same resources.
b)The environment has not changed significantly over time.
This is the best answer, it means that if the enviroment has not changed, the organism has not had to change
c) the stromatolites have not been able to undergo mutations
Mutations and sex drives variation. This organism may have created many new species, just the one most similar to the ancient one is living in the similar organism
d) the stramatolites are not able to adapt to a changing environment
This is would explain why they are not wide spread, but it does not explain why they have survived for millions (billions of years)
This video suggests that they are in all environments as something else, and when the enviroment is right they get going.
Revision Evolution MC Question 8
Revision Evolution MC Question 8
Stramatolites, and acinent cyanobacteria that have surivited inte Shark Bay in Western Australia, are very similar to those found as fossil remains dateing back millions of years. Why have thes ancient forms remained unchanged for so long?
a)the stromatolites are able to adapta to any environment
b)The environment has not changed significantly over time
c) the stromatolites have note been able to undergo mutations
d) the stramatolites are not abele to adapt to a changing environment
Stramatolites, and acinent cyanobacteria that have surivited inte Shark Bay in Western Australia, are very similar to those found as fossil remains dateing back millions of years. Why have thes ancient forms remained unchanged for so long?
a)the stromatolites are able to adapta to any environment
b)The environment has not changed significantly over time
c) the stromatolites have note been able to undergo mutations
d) the stramatolites are not abele to adapt to a changing environment
Revision Evolution MC Answer 6
Revision Evolution MC Answer 6
This is from 2007 Year 10 midyear
Natural Selecion is a mechanism used by Charles Darwin to desceribe Evolution: this has sometimes been referred to as "survival of the fittest". What does the term refer to?
a) the fittest is the best camouflaged
Camouflage means colour or shape that make it hard for a preditor or potential prey (in the case of a tiger) to distinguish the animal from the surroundings.
b) the fittest can survivre anywhere
This means live in all places, air, water, soil tropics, beaches, suburbia.
c) the fittest produces the most offspring
If these offspring then live to reproductive ages, then this would mean that they would dominate. Producing offspring, comes at a cost to the mother. If a cat has 20 kittens a litter, and 17 die, it is not as well off a cat that produce 5 viable kittens.
d) the fittest is the most adaptable to its surrounding
This generally means that the organism has more possiblity and capablity of producing offspring that are themselves able to flourish and reproduce.
This is from 2007 Year 10 midyear
Natural Selecion is a mechanism used by Charles Darwin to desceribe Evolution: this has sometimes been referred to as "survival of the fittest". What does the term refer to?
a) the fittest is the best camouflaged
Camouflage means colour or shape that make it hard for a preditor or potential prey (in the case of a tiger) to distinguish the animal from the surroundings.
b) the fittest can survivre anywhere
This means live in all places, air, water, soil tropics, beaches, suburbia.
c) the fittest produces the most offspring
If these offspring then live to reproductive ages, then this would mean that they would dominate. Producing offspring, comes at a cost to the mother. If a cat has 20 kittens a litter, and 17 die, it is not as well off a cat that produce 5 viable kittens.
d) the fittest is the most adaptable to its surrounding
This generally means that the organism has more possiblity and capablity of producing offspring that are themselves able to flourish and reproduce.
Revision Evolution MC Question 6
Revision Evolution MC Question 6
This is from 2007 Year 10 midyear
Nature Seleciont is a mechanism used by Charles Darwin to desceribe Evolution: this has sometimes been referred to as "survival of the fittest". What does the term refer to?
a) the fittest is the best camouflaged
b) the fittest can survivre anywhere
c) the fittest produces the most offspring
d) the fitteest is the most adaptable to its surroundings.
This is from 2007 Year 10 midyear
Nature Seleciont is a mechanism used by Charles Darwin to desceribe Evolution: this has sometimes been referred to as "survival of the fittest". What does the term refer to?
a) the fittest is the best camouflaged
b) the fittest can survivre anywhere
c) the fittest produces the most offspring
d) the fitteest is the most adaptable to its surroundings.
Revision Evolution MC Answer 5
Revision Evolution MC Answer 5
Taken from 2007 midyear
The five steps of Darwin's theory of evolution by means of matureal selection can be summaried as follows:
- There is variation in every population.
- Organsims must competer for limite resources
- Organisms have more offspring than can survice.
- Organisms with themost beneficial traits are more likely to survive and reproduce
- Organisms pass beneficial traits on to their offsprin..
Of the steps describing Dariwn's Theory of Evolution which of the steps listed below would indicate that there would be an increase in the population if there is abundance or food avaliable.
a) There is variation in every population
Variation means that each individual will be different. This arrises due to mixing of the genes and traits of the mother and father. You will note that brothers and sisters of the same parents are different because each egg and sperm mix in a different way. There is also mutations or random variation in genes. The most commonly suggested way people think off is due to radiation, however long term studies of the survivors of Hiroshima show that deterioration of male sperm with age is the major factor causing mutations. It is not surprising that 25% of human conceptions end in miscarrage of a embryo that is not viable
b) organisms must compete for limited resources
Abundant food means less competition.
c) organsims have more off spring that can survive
This means that 2 adults, produce more that 2 to replace them. For example 2 makes 4 makes 8 make 16 etc. This drives the population upto the maximum that the enviroment can support.
d) organisms with the most beneficial traits are more likely to survive and reproduce.
This is key to driving the emphasis of traits in a population
Taken from 2007 midyear
The five steps of Darwin's theory of evolution by means of matureal selection can be summaried as follows:
- There is variation in every population.
- Organsims must competer for limite resources
- Organisms have more offspring than can survice.
- Organisms with themost beneficial traits are more likely to survive and reproduce
- Organisms pass beneficial traits on to their offsprin..
Of the steps describing Dariwn's Theory of Evolution which of the steps listed below would indicate that there would be an increase in the population if there is abundance or food avaliable.
a) There is variation in every population
Variation means that each individual will be different. This arrises due to mixing of the genes and traits of the mother and father. You will note that brothers and sisters of the same parents are different because each egg and sperm mix in a different way. There is also mutations or random variation in genes. The most commonly suggested way people think off is due to radiation, however long term studies of the survivors of Hiroshima show that deterioration of male sperm with age is the major factor causing mutations. It is not surprising that 25% of human conceptions end in miscarrage of a embryo that is not viable
b) organisms must compete for limited resources
Abundant food means less competition.
c) organsims have more off spring that can survive
This means that 2 adults, produce more that 2 to replace them. For example 2 makes 4 makes 8 make 16 etc. This drives the population upto the maximum that the enviroment can support.
d) organisms with the most beneficial traits are more likely to survive and reproduce.
This is key to driving the emphasis of traits in a population
Revision Evolution MC Question 5
Revision Evolution MC Question 5
Taken from 2007 midyear
The five steps of Darwin's theory of evolution by means of matureal selection can be summaried as follows:
- There is variation in every population.
- Organsims must competer for limite resources
- Organisms have more offspring than can survice.
- Organisms with themost beneficial traits are more likely to survive and reproduce
- Organisms pass beneficial traits on to their offsprin..
Of the steps describing Dariwn's Theory of Evolution which of the steps listed below would indicate that there would be an increase in the population if there is abundance or food avaliable.
a) There is variation in every popuation
b) organisms must compete for limited resources
c) organsims have more off spring that can survive
d) organisms wiht the most beneficial traits are more likely to survive and reproduce.
Taken from 2007 midyear
The five steps of Darwin's theory of evolution by means of matureal selection can be summaried as follows:
- There is variation in every population.
- Organsims must competer for limite resources
- Organisms have more offspring than can survice.
- Organisms with themost beneficial traits are more likely to survive and reproduce
- Organisms pass beneficial traits on to their offsprin..
Of the steps describing Dariwn's Theory of Evolution which of the steps listed below would indicate that there would be an increase in the population if there is abundance or food avaliable.
a) There is variation in every popuation
b) organisms must compete for limited resources
c) organsims have more off spring that can survive
d) organisms wiht the most beneficial traits are more likely to survive and reproduce.
Revision Evolution MC Answer 3/4
Revision Evolution MC Answer 3/4
Good link http://click4biology.info/c4b/5/eco5.4.htm
The evidence in the diagram is an example of:
a) Biochemistry
Bio chemistry is looking at the chemicals that make up living organisms, and the chemical reations used as they live. In evolution, biochemical reactions have changed as the environment changed.
b) Bio geography
Biogeography looks at the influence of geographic areas, the enviroment in that area. We have tropical fish near the equator, and Polar bears at the poles. Animals in certain places become isolated and cut off as continents separate. The unique marsupials of Australia have evolved in isolation to the placental animals of other continents.
c) Comparative anatomy
This is correct answer, the same basic blue print has been adapted to different evolutionary needs. Anatomy is the science of looking at body parts.
d) Comparative embryology
Embryology means looking at the embryo, or egg that has just been fertilized and is transitioning from a ball of cells to the final organism. All embryo look very similar in the first weeks after being fertilized with sperm
Each of the limbs show the same basic pattern. This has been caused by:
a) adaptations to similar environments
This is not the correct answer. Mans upper limb hand has evolved from times spent swinging in trees, while birds have used the same basic design to fly with
b) All the vertebrates belonging to the same species
This is incorrect. Vertebrate means having a backbone. Fish, birds, amphibians, Mammals and Reptiles all have backbones, and with in these groups there are many species.
c) evolution from a common ancestor
Indeed there are fossil fish that have crawled on land and the basic design has been adapted to different purposes.
d) adaptation to the same basic function.
Adaptation is the modification of a trait through variation down the generations. A basic funtion would mean walking, while another would be flying ie not the same
Good link http://click4biology.info/c4b/5/eco5.4.htm
The evidence in the diagram is an example of:
a) Biochemistry
Bio chemistry is looking at the chemicals that make up living organisms, and the chemical reations used as they live. In evolution, biochemical reactions have changed as the environment changed.
b) Bio geography
Biogeography looks at the influence of geographic areas, the enviroment in that area. We have tropical fish near the equator, and Polar bears at the poles. Animals in certain places become isolated and cut off as continents separate. The unique marsupials of Australia have evolved in isolation to the placental animals of other continents.
c) Comparative anatomy
This is correct answer, the same basic blue print has been adapted to different evolutionary needs. Anatomy is the science of looking at body parts.
d) Comparative embryology
Embryology means looking at the embryo, or egg that has just been fertilized and is transitioning from a ball of cells to the final organism. All embryo look very similar in the first weeks after being fertilized with sperm
Each of the limbs show the same basic pattern. This has been caused by:
a) adaptations to similar environments
This is not the correct answer. Mans upper limb hand has evolved from times spent swinging in trees, while birds have used the same basic design to fly with
b) All the vertebrates belonging to the same species
This is incorrect. Vertebrate means having a backbone. Fish, birds, amphibians, Mammals and Reptiles all have backbones, and with in these groups there are many species.
c) evolution from a common ancestor
Indeed there are fossil fish that have crawled on land and the basic design has been adapted to different purposes.
d) adaptation to the same basic function.
Adaptation is the modification of a trait through variation down the generations. A basic funtion would mean walking, while another would be flying ie not the same
Revision Evolution MC Question 3/4
Revision Evolution MC Question 3/4
The evidence in the diagram is an example of:
a) Biochemistry
b) Bio geography
c) Comparative anatomy
d) Comparative embryology
Each of the limbs show the same basic pattern. This has been caused by:
a) adaptations to similar environments
b) All the vertebrates belonging to the same species
c) evolution form a common ancestor
d) adaptation to the same basic function.
Revision Evolution MC Answer 2
The study of fossils provides information which helps us to-
a) show how individual organisms change over time.
This is a trick question. An individual organism, for example could be you. The fossil record show organisms male, female, and of all ages. The age of the individual can be deduced from growth rings in the bone. This can placed into a series of fossile to reconstruct the development of a particular species over time.
b) explain the mechanism of natural selection
The mechanism of natural selection involves selecting charateristics traits in a population, that then become more common down the generations. The selection can be by preditors, some feature that means the organism is more healthy, or by selection by mates. This is the least likely answer, as this mostly requires exploration of the complete environment.
c) trace the ancestry of certain organisms
This is the best answer. When we dig up a fossil it will have features that have carried forward into future generations. This allows the ancestry or family tree to be traced.
d) demonstrate the origin of life
Demostrate means show how life began. At the moment scientist only have theories or guesses, that life emerged from a chemical soup that existed in ancient earth
a) show how individual organisms change over time.
This is a trick question. An individual organism, for example could be you. The fossil record show organisms male, female, and of all ages. The age of the individual can be deduced from growth rings in the bone. This can placed into a series of fossile to reconstruct the development of a particular species over time.
b) explain the mechanism of natural selection
The mechanism of natural selection involves selecting charateristics traits in a population, that then become more common down the generations. The selection can be by preditors, some feature that means the organism is more healthy, or by selection by mates. This is the least likely answer, as this mostly requires exploration of the complete environment.
c) trace the ancestry of certain organisms
This is the best answer. When we dig up a fossil it will have features that have carried forward into future generations. This allows the ancestry or family tree to be traced.
d) demonstrate the origin of life
Demostrate means show how life began. At the moment scientist only have theories or guesses, that life emerged from a chemical soup that existed in ancient earth
Revision Evolution MC Question 2
Revision Evolution MC Question 2
The study of fossils provides information which helps us to-
a) show how individual organisms change over time
b) explain the mechanism of natural selection
c) trace the ancestry of certain organisms
d) demonstrate the origin of life
Question taken 2007 year 10 half yearly
The study of fossils provides information which helps us to-
a) show how individual organisms change over time
b) explain the mechanism of natural selection
c) trace the ancestry of certain organisms
d) demonstrate the origin of life
Question taken 2007 year 10 half yearly
Revision Evolution MC Answer 1
Animals condisered to be of the same species:
a) can interbreed to for fertile offspring
This is the definition of a species. Interbreed means not just reproduce like male and female labradore dogs, it means a labradore and grey hound, these are from different breeds, but their offspring mongrels will still be feritle. A lion and tiger will produce a liger that is infertile.
b) live in the same area
This is not the definition of species, humans are one example of a species that live in different areas. When a species occupies an isolated area and there is no mating outside, evolution will sellect characteristics such that over a very long time a new speices emerges.
c) look alike
This is not the defintion of species. In humans, peacocks, bower birds the male and females do not look similar.
d) all of the above
As c) and d) are excluded it can not be all of the above
a) can interbreed to for fertile offspring
This is the definition of a species. Interbreed means not just reproduce like male and female labradore dogs, it means a labradore and grey hound, these are from different breeds, but their offspring mongrels will still be feritle. A lion and tiger will produce a liger that is infertile.
b) live in the same area
This is not the definition of species, humans are one example of a species that live in different areas. When a species occupies an isolated area and there is no mating outside, evolution will sellect characteristics such that over a very long time a new speices emerges.
c) look alike
This is not the defintion of species. In humans, peacocks, bower birds the male and females do not look similar.
d) all of the above
As c) and d) are excluded it can not be all of the above
Revision Evolution MC Question 1
Animals condiser to be of the same species:
a) can interbreed to for fertile offspring
b) live in the same area
c) look alike
d) all of the above
a) can interbreed to for fertile offspring
b) live in the same area
c) look alike
d) all of the above
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About Me
- drhill
- I come from a Science family: My father Geoffrey Hill was Australia's first computer programmer on CSIRAC the fourth computer in the world. He is credited with invention of Computer music and the development of “Interprogram” a language before Basic. My PhD is in Atomic and Molecular Physics. I have researched the activated oxygen layer above the ozone layer, and 'Assigned' the world's smallest molecule. At the University of Toronto I researched high power UV lasers. I have specialized in automation in fibre optics. This developed into research in Machine Intellect and Robots. I have enjoyed work as an Explainer with Questacon and my time as a part-time soldier. I currently teach High School Science at Epping Boys’ High.